Comrades! The Central Committee of the AUCPB congratulates you all on the 101st anniversary of the Great October Socialist Revolution. The October Revolution marked the beginning of a new era of humanity - the era of the elimination of all forms of exploitation, the era of the victory of communism. It was distinguished from all other revolutions by the fact that the workers created their own government bodies. “If the folk art of the revolutionary classes had not created the Soviets,” wrote V.I. Lenin, the proletarian revolution in Russia would be a hopeless affair”. The decisive condition for the victory of the revolution was that the tested, militant, revolutionary Bolshevik Party was at the head of the popular masses. The party was guided by the advanced theory of the working class — Marxist-Leninist theory.
In the writings of V.I. Lenin was given a theoretical justification and development of a concrete plan for the development of a bourgeois-democratic revolution into a socialist one. The Bolshevik Party managed to unite the various revolutionary movements and direct them towards a common goal - the overthrow of imperialism. The party has united in one revolutionary flow both the national movement for peace, and the peasant struggle for land — against the landowners, and the national liberation struggle of the oppressed peoples of Russia, and the struggle of the leading force of society — the proletariat for socialism.
The greatest international significance of the October Revolution is that it clearly showed the relevance of its main features for successful socialist revolutions in other countries. It showed that without the union of the proletariat and the peasantry, with the leadership of the workers, without the dictatorship of the proletariat, as a special class union of the proletariat and the peasantry, the victory of the revolution is impossible.
The epoch of the Great October Socialist Revolution and the Civil War was distinguished by a very special and exceptional content in world history. Even in the perception of their direct participants, the events of this time unfolded with fantastic speed, created an atmosphere of unprecedented upsurge and upheaval, extreme physical and mental stress among the huge masses of the Russian population. In order to present concretely the scope and tempo of historical life during this period, let us refer to Lenin's assessment of the moment in March 1918: “The history of mankind is doing one of the greatest, most difficult turns, having the immense, in our days: without a little exaggeration, world-liberation value. ... It is not surprising that on the steepest points of such a sharp turn, when surrounded with a terrible noise and crackle, the old is cracked and falling apart, and next to the indescribable torment a new one is born, some people feel dizzy, despair takes hold of someone.
In a few days we destroyed one of the oldest, most powerful, barbarous and brutal monarchies ... We passed the triumphant triumphal procession of Bolshevism from end to end of a huge country. We have raised to the freedom and independent life the lowest of the layers of the working masses oppressed by tsarism and the bourgeoisie. We have introduced and consolidated the Soviet republic, a new type of state, immeasurably higher and more democratic than the best of the bourgeois parliamentary republics. ” History, Lenin wrote, "is now flying with the speed of a locomotive."
Further events related to the unleashing of foreign intervention and the Civil War against the Soviet authorities, exacerbated the internal and international situation, intensified to the limit the intensity of the class struggle. The process of destruction of the old and the birth of the new social system was not as smooth and calm as other "socialists", far from real politics, had assumed. The Bolshevik Party did not hide the exceptional difficulties and difficulties of the struggle for communism, which the country, yesterday still one of the most backward in the world, devastated, bleeding, had to overcome.
The revolution opened the eyes of the workers and peasants: “First of all, we looked at ourselves not as a working blind horse, but as people, and saw that we are the same as those we kill life for and no worse than. We realized that together with our work we have the right to a peaceful rest, and to the joys of life. We have the will and the right to straighten our backs and raise our heads. We have the right to live as the head and the heart want, and not in the way that some “master” will allow.
The case told by John Reed is very significant: “We arrived at the front in the 12th Army, standing behind Riga, where barefooted and exhausted people died in trench mud from starvation and disease. Seeing us, they rose to meet. Their faces were exhausted; through the holes in the clothes blue naked body. And the first question was: “Did you bring something to read?” Read, learn, grow! Such aspirations were settled by the Revolution in the souls of the fighters for Soviet Power.
From the Civil War, society immediately followed the party. The right to receive an education was conquered for those who were doomed to ignorance before the Civil War. In the USSR, the program to eradicate illiteracy (literacy - from 1920) and universal primary education (universal education - from 1930) was able to solve the problems of primary education in less than twenty years - and this is in an agrarian country, where until 1917 there were more than 80% illiterate and illiterate population. By 1936, about 40 million illiterate people were trained in the USSR. In 1933 - 1937, more than 20 million illiterate people and about 20 million illiterate people were engaged only in the registered schools of the educational program. According to the census of 1939, literacy of people aged 16 to 50 years was close to 90%.
It was difficult, very difficult, to start the movement towards communism not with the people of the communist tomorrow, but with people who had formed under the conditions of the division of labor, overcoming their limitations through education and collective activity. Marx, while criticizing the Gothic program, wrote: “We are dealing here not with a communist society that has developed on its own basis, but, on the contrary, with one that just emerges from a capitalist society and therefore, in all respects, economically, morally and mentally, it still retains the birthmarks of the old society, from the depths of which it emerged.”
With the Revolution, the entire social structure of society, the attitude of the Soviet citizen to the state, to the task of protecting and preserving its socialist system has changed radically. A woman who has actively joined in the social life of society, who has grown to the level of a “member of the government”, began to understand her life function in a completely new way. In the field of family relations, the tendency of transition to public education of children developed. It was the most important, but also the most difficult task. As Henri Barbusse rightly said: “The school is a workshop where the thought of the younger generation is formed, you must hold it firmly in your hands if you don’t want to let go of the future.” The Soviet state actively supported the work of the teacher Makarenko on communist education, formed a system of Labor Reserves, Suvorov and Nakhimov schools.
In the spring of 1919, Lenin wrote: “The old utopian socialists imagined that socialism could be built with other people, that they would first bring up pretty, clean, well-trained people and would build socialism out of them ... We want to build socialism immediately from that material which was left to us from capitalism from yesterday to today, now, and not from those people who will be prepared in greenhouses ... We need to take all the science, technology, all the knowledge, art. Without this, we cannot build the life of a communist society. ”
“Our,” “our common,” “all-encompassing” became the main theme of the village peasant gathering, the Komsomol cell meeting and the Soviet of People's Commissars. Everyone, even the most unimportant in a single human body, was interested in everything, sought out any shortcomings that impede progress. Only such a man could be building communism. The concepts of "we", "our" lay at the heart of the rapidly developing Soviet art - songs, movies, theater, even ballet - let us recall the "Flame of Paris". Such an approach was the key to victory in the great labor achievements of the united Soviet people, and the victory over the class enemy in the Civil War, the defeat of the fascist aggressor in the Great Patriotic War.
The inevitable moment was the "split" of society into violently opposing camps. These are cultural figures (“nobility-driver’s” Bunin and, on the other hand, Blok, Mayakovsky), and the nobility’s elite (take, at least, the daughter of the secular general Bolshevik Kollontai). Half of the officer elite (graduated from the Academy of the General Staff) went to the red, half to the white.
There were then hesitantants. Intellectuals who did not accept the revolution preferred to yearn for the past and complain about loneliness, blaming and hating the new social order. The literature born in this camp did not have “internal resources”; on it lay the stamp of doom, of vainness - long before its most irreconcilable representatives turned out, as M. Tsvetaeva put it, “worn out by the people” outside Russia.
“Cadres decide everything”! These great Stalinist words indicated to the Soviet people the only correct path to communism. Learn, grow, scrape off the scales of various “egg-like” petty-bourgeois growths that you inherited from the capitalist past, prepare yourself and your children for the communist future - that was the main aspiration of every citizen of the Country of Soviets. History has clearly shown the invincibility of such a society, which neither the post-war devastation nor the “cold war” unleashed by world imperialism could break.
Dear friends, comrades, Bolsheviks! We have a great battle ahead for communism, for the revival of our Motherland - the USSR. Let the poems of “Communist Marseillaise” inspire you in the struggle:
We are the fires of the world flame
The hammer that knocked the chains off the slave,
Communism is our red banner
Our sacred slogan is struggle.
Against reptiles, hoarse from howling,
Devouring all our labors
For the last terrible fight
We will join the ranks.
CC AUCPB
