March 29, 2019 marks the 120th anniversary of the birth of Lavrentiy Pavlovich Beria, a member of the Politburo of the Central Committee of the CPSU (b) (Presidium of the CPSU Central Committee), First Deputy Chairman of the USSR Council of Ministers and at the same time Minister of the Interior of the USSR, Marshal of the Soviet Union, a faithful student and companion of Comrade Stalin , an outstanding party and state leader of the Soviet Union, Honorary Citizen of the USSR (1949).
L.P. Beria was born in the village of Merheuli, Sukhumi district (Georgian SSR), in a poor peasant family. Initial education in the Sukhum primary school, in 1919 he graduated from the Polytechnic School in Baku, received a degree in engineering architect.
Since his youthful years L.P. Beria joined the revolutionary movement. In 1915, he took a leadership role in organizing an illegal student revolutionary group. In March 1917 in Baku L.P. Beria joined the Bolshevik Party. In 1918 - 1920, during the period of the domination of the Musavatists and Mensheviks in the South Caucasus, he conducted active underground work in Baku and Georgia.
In 1920, after the establishment of Soviet power in Azerbaijan, L.P. Beria, on the instructions of the Caucasian Bureau of the Central Committee of the RCP (B) and the headquarters of the 11th Army, was sent to work in illegal Bolshevik work in Georgia, where the Mensheviks were then in power. Here L.P. Beria, together with the Bolshevik organizations of Georgia, did a great job of preparing an armed uprising against the Menshevik government. In the same year he was arrested by the Menshevik government and imprisoned. After several months of imprisonment, Comrade Beria, at the insistence of S. M. Kirov, then an authorized representative of Soviet Russia in Georgia, was sent from Georgia to Soviet Azerbaijan.
In Baku, L.P. Beria first worked in the Central Committee of the Communist Party (Bolsheviks) of Azerbaijan, and then was appointed head of the secret operational unit and deputy chairman of the Cheka of Azerbaijan (from 1921).
In the autumn of 1922 L.P. Beria is transferred to work in the Cheka of Georgia as the head of the secret operational unit with the combined position of the head of the Special Department of the Army. Until the end of 1931, L.P. Beria is continuously on leading work in the Soviet intelligence agencies: the chairman of the GPU of Georgia, the deputy chairman of the GPU of the Transcaucasian Federation, the chairman of the Transcaucasian and Georgian GPU and the authorized representative of the OGPU in the TSFSR.
Working in the bodies of the Cheka - GPU, L.P. Beria did a great job in defeating and eliminating the anti-Soviet parties of Transcaucasia (Georgian Mensheviks, Musavatists and Dashnaks). Of particular note is the merit of L.P. Beria in the defeat of the counter-revolutionary Trotsky-Bukharin and bourgeois-nationalist gangs.
In November 1931, L.P. Beria was elected the first secretary of the Central Committee of the Communist Party (Bolsheviks) of Georgia and the second secretary of the Central Committee of the All-Union Communist Party (Bolsheviks), and in 1932 the first secretary of the Central Committee and the first secretary of the Central Committee of the Communist Party (Bolsheviks) of Georgia.
At the head of the Bolshevik organizations of Georgia and the Caucasus, L.P. Beria showed Lenin-Stalin perseverance and irreconcilability towards the enemies of the people in the struggle for the conduct of the general line of the Bolshevik Party.
A great merit belongs to L.P. Beria in exposing the Trotsky-Bukharin falsifiers of the history of Bolshevism. His famous work “On the Question of the History of Bolshevik Organizations in the Transcaucasus”, written in 1935, is a most valuable contribution to the scientific history of the Bolshevik Party.
Since August 1938, L.P. Beria is transferred to work in Moscow, first as First Deputy Commissar of Internal Affairs of the USSR - Head of the Main Directorate of State Security of the USSR, and in 1938-1945. People's Commissar of Internal Affairs of the USSR. Carrying out the Stalinist line, he did a great job of overcoming the consequences of Yezhovshchina (he stopped the Great Terror), as well as cleansing the Soviet and party organs from the pests of Soviet power, which was of particular importance in connection with the approaching war with Hitler’s fascism.
At the same time in February 1941 - March 1953. L.P. Beria - Deputy Chairman of the Council of People's Commissars (from March 1946 - Council of Ministers) of the USSR. Since June 1941, a member, and since May 1944, Deputy Chairman of the USSR State Defense Committee.
During the war years, being a member of the State Defense Committee, he managed to set up the release of many thousands of tanks, self-propelled artillery, ammunition, shells, and was responsible for the smooth operation of the steel industry, both ferrous and non-ferrous. His orders and resolutions give out a rigid leadership style, but this is precisely what ensured his effectiveness as an administrator. So it was when it was necessary to evacuate enterprises to the east, to organize the production of armaments in the open field, and also not to let the enemy through the Caucasus to Baku’s oil. For ensuring the work of enterprises producing defense products and weapons for the army of L.P. Beria in 1945 was awarded the title Hero of Socialist Labor.
I.V. Stalin directed comrade L.P. Beria at the most critical moments in the most important posts.
After the war, on behalf of the Central Committee of the CPSU (b) L.P. Beria oversaw the construction of the monumental high-rise building of Moscow State University on the Lenin Hills. The idea of this building belongs to Stalin, the project - Beria.
From August 1945, the chairman of the Special Committee under the State Defense Committee (from September 1945 under the Council of People's Commissars of the USSR, from March 1946 under the Council of Ministers of the USSR), supervised all work on the use of intra-atomic energy.
Especially great is the merit of T. Beria in the creation of the Soviet atomic bomb, on the way to this goal, he managed to unite the efforts of hundreds of thousands of scientists, engineers, intelligence officers, builders, production workers. By creating an atomic bomb, the Soviet Union eliminated the US atomic monopoly and ensured its security. Currently, the world knows the plans of American hawks to launch a nuclear strike on the USSR. In 1949, when the first Soviet atomic bomb was tested, Stalin said that if we were late with our bomb, then we would probably “try” it on ourselves ...
Since March 1953, L.P. Beria is the first deputy chairman of the USSR Council of Ministers and at the same time the USSR Minister of Internal Affairs. As Minister of Internal Affairs of the USSR, taking up this post again after a long break since 1945, L.P. In this short period, Beria directed all his activities towards the establishment of the work of this department destroyed by his predecessors strictly within the framework of Soviet law. Here are the names of only some documents of L.P. Beria for the period from 03/05/1953 to 06.26.1953: "On the establishment of investigation teams for the review of investigative cases", "On the amnesty", "On the rehabilitation of persons involved in the so-called poisoned doctor case", "On the prohibition of the use of arrested any measures of coercion and physical influence "," On the restriction of the rights of the Special Meeting at the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the USSR ".
Comrade Beria was a member of the 7th convocation CEC of the USSR, a deputy of the USSR Supreme Soviet of 1-3 convocations. Member of the Central Committee of the CPSU in 1934-1953. Member of the Politburo of the CPSU (b) (Presidium of the Central Committee of the CPSU) 03/18/1946 - 06.26.1953 (candidate since 03.22.1939). Hero of Socialist Labor (1943). Awarded five orders of Lenin, two orders of the Red Banner, the Order of Alexander Suvorov, 1st degree. Winner of the Stalin Prize of the first degree for merits in the organization of the creation of nuclear weapons (1949).
On June 26, 1953, he was arrested and removed from all posts on a false accusation of Khrushchev and his henchmen as an enemy of the “Soviet people”. In a brief Information Report, published in Pravda on July 10, 1953, the "... the other day Plenum of the Central Committee of the CPSU" was held about L.P. Beria from the CPSU Central Committee and its exclusion from the CPSU "as an enemy of the CPSU and the Soviet people." At the plenum, the “colleagues” hung up on the killed not only the “immoral estate”, but also all the troubles and difficulties of the USSR, and each speaker most diligently criticized that part of the assigned work, for which he had to answer himself.
On December 23, 1953, he was convicted by the Special Court Presence of the USSR Supreme Court under art. 58-1 "b", 58-8, 58-13, 58-11 of the Criminal Code of the RSFSR "to the death penalty with the deprivation of military rank and awards. The verdict is final and not appealable. ” The sentence was carried out on December 23 - the message “In the Supreme Court of the USSR”, published in Pravda on 12/24/1953, states. Neither the indictment mentioned in the “Message” nor the verdict of the Court were published ... Dozens of volumes of the criminal “case” remained secret to date, inaccessible for historians as well ... The date of the execution of the sentence raises serious doubts ...
Through the efforts of Khrushchev and the company, and then the perestroika, the Gorbachev-Democrats, all those who conceived and conducted the bourgeois counter-revolution, L.P. Beria, who did so much for the rise of the Soviet economy, to win the Great Patriotic War, to create a nuclear shield of the USSR, painted with black paint, turned into such a wild fiend of evil that you wonder, and, unwillingly, the question comes to mind, - if it is done so diligently for more than half a century, it means that someone needs it, and there is a falsification with the concealment of historical truth ...
For us, the Bolsheviks, at the present time there is no doubt that the political trial was organized over a man who could have prevented the traitors of the cause of socialism from changing the course of the Soviet Union to withdraw from Bolshevism, from the strategy of building communism, outlined by Comrade Stalin.
In recent years, in relation to L.P. Beria appears in the mass media publications that contradict one another. According to some media reports, L.P. Beria was a supporter of the appointment by the leaders of the union republics of predominantly representatives of the indigenous nationality, which, under I.V. Stalin was not. As you know, by 1991 the leaders of the Soviet republics were exclusively representatives of indigenous nationality, who after the counter-revolutionary coup became presidents and chairmen of the governments of bourgeois states.
Another example. According to the information of the same media L.P. Beria advocated the unification of Germany and the cessation of the construction of socialism in the GDR. But, as you know, the creation of the GDR was not originally intended. I.V. Stalin insisted on uniting the 4 zones of occupation into one German democratic state. The USSR was forced to create in the Soviet occupation zone of the GDR after the ruling circles of the Western powers, together with the West German big bourgeoisie, supported by the right-wing leaders of social democracy, in violation of the decisions of the Potsdam Conference, set about reviving German militarism. The German monopolies and the Western occupation authorities stepped up their offensive against the democratic forces in the direction of a complete division of the country. The culmination of it was the formation in September 1949 of a separate West German state - the Federal Republic of Germany (FRG). On October 7, 1949, workers in eastern Germany proclaimed the German Democratic Republic.
From the above examples the conclusion follows: a complete and comprehensive assessment of the activities of L.P. Beria will be held only after the victory of the socialist revolution, when the state archives will be torn out of the hands of the bourgeois authorities. We Bolsheviks are sure: historical justice will surely prevail.
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In conclusion, we present some of the memories of L.P. Beria.
We, now living, are well aware that we would not have lived in the world if our country did not have the atomic bomb created under the leadership of L.P. Beria.
Now it is known from the Americans themselves that in 1951 the United States planned to drop 20 atomic bombs in the Moscow-Gorky region, 12 in the Leningrad region, 52 bombs in the industrial areas of the Volga region and the Donets Basin, and 15 in the Caucasus region. Vladivostok and Irkutsk. But the presence of retribution weapons in the USSR cooled the heads of the American hawks, and they did not dare to attack.
I.V. Kurchatov after the murder of L.P. Beria at the request of Khrushchev to give negative information about him certainly answered: "If it were not for Beria, the Soviet Union would not have an atomic bomb." And Khrushchev could not affect the change in this opinion of the scientist.
The chief designer of the atomic bomb Khariton Yu.B. was twice tried to be removed from work. The main argument of his opponents is that in his youth he worked in England, he cannot be trusted. These papers reached and to I.V. Stalin: "What do you say, Lawrence"? Reaction L.P. Beria: “All the people who are working on this project are personally selected by me. I am ready to answer for the actions of each of them. These people work and will honestly work on the project that is entrusted to us. ” The result: the atomic bomb was created in the USSR, ravaged by the war with the Nazis, for four years.
The idea of introducing Beria as a sex maniac was first voiced at the Central Committee Plenum in July 1953. They even found a list of women who had been in intimate with him. To which his wife, Nina Beria, many years later, in one of her interviews, said a very simple phrase: “Amazing business: Laurenty was busy working day and night when he was dealing with the legion of these women!” That is, to slander the patriot of the Soviet Motherland her enemies, who themselves were involved in various crimes, did not shun anything by resorting to the most incredible lies.
L.P. Beria by the aforementioned Special Court Presence of the USSR Supreme Court was charged with a “crime”, which consisted of “working for foreign intelligence and treason”.
Let us examine only one question: “... the beginning of the criminal treacherous activity of Beria L. P. and his establishment of secret ties with foreign intelligence services date back to the time of the civil war, when Beria L. P. in 1919 committed“ treason ”in Baku, enrolling in a secret agent position for reconnaissance of the counter-revolutionary Mousafat government in Azerbaijan, operating under the control of British intelligence agencies. " What do the documents say about this?
The writer V.Soym writes: “... I met this interesting document in the archives of the President of the Russian Federation in the personal fund of JV Stalin. Preserve the spelling and syntax of the original.
"Secretary of the Central Committee of the CPSU (b) t. Stalin about t. Beria
In 1936 (in the document the slip of the pen. Correctly: in 1926 - V.S.) I was appointed in the Transcaucasus as Chairman of Zak. GPU. Before I left for Tiflis, I was summoned to my home before. The OGPU, Comrade Dzerzhinsky, introduced me in detail to the situation in Transcaucasia. Immediately, Comrade Dzerzhinsky informed me that one of my assistants in the Transcaucasus, Comrade Beria, worked for the Mussavat counterintelligence under the Mussavatists. Let this circumstance not in any way embarrass me and not alarm us against comrade Beria, since comrade Beria worked in counterintelligence with the knowledge of those responsible. Transcaucasians and that he knows about this, Dzerzhinsky and so on. Sergo Ordzhonikidze.
Upon arrival in Tiflis, two months later I went to T. Sergo and gave him everything that T. Dzerzhinsky told me about T. Beria.
T. Sergo Ordzhonikidze informed me that it was true that Comrade Beria worked in the Mussavat counterintelligence, that he carried out this work on behalf of the party workers and that he was well aware of this, Comrade Ordzhonikidze, Comrade Kirov, Comrade Mikoyan and Comrade Nazaretyan. Therefore, I must treat comrade Beria with complete confidence, and that he, Sergo Ordzhonikidze, comrades completely. Beria trusts.
During the two years of work in the Transcaucasus, Comrade Ordzhonikidze told me several times that he very much appreciates Comrade Beria as a growing worker, that a comrade is developed from Comrade Beria, and that he, Sergo, reported such characteristics of Comrade Beria Stalin.
For two years of my work in the Transcaucasus, I knew that Comrade Sergo appreciates Comrade Beria and supports him.
About two years ago, mr. Sergo told me in a conversation, and you know that the right deviators and other riffraff are trying to use the fact that he worked in the Mussavat counterintelligence, but they won’t .
I asked t. Sergo, and did t. Stalin know about it. T. Sergo Ordzhonikidze replied that Comrade Stalin was aware of this and that Comrade Stalin was also aware of this.
Candidate of the Central Committee of the VKP (b) Pavlunovsky on June 25, 1937 ”.
(APRF. F. 45. Opt.1. D. 788. L. 114-115 vol. Original. Manuscript.)
About this document, as well as about other documents about the "betrayal" of Beria, Khrushchev and the other organizers of the disgraceful court tried to know well who could not but know! It turns out that no "betrayal" of L.P. Beria was not! Khrushchev and his "judicial team" brazenly and deliberately lied about Beria, accusing him of treason! It turns out that all the accusations of Beria are sewn with white thread? !!
The question arises: WHY did the Khrushchev camarilla destroy Lawrence Beria? In our opinion, there were two main reasons. The first is that Beria deeply understood the historical necessity of continuing the strictly centralized, hard-fought leadership of the country during the Cold War and the real threat of a US nuclear attack that fully justified the Stalinist course. Beria understood the need to continue the Stalinist course, which led the USSR through difficulties and the struggle to communism.
Today, analyzing Stalin’s entourage, one can reasonably conclude that Beria, with his vigorous energy, with his initiatives and amazing Stalinist efficiency, was the only one who was able to continue the Stalinist course towards the successful construction of socialism in the USSR. Co-comrades of Khrushchev for the Central Committee of the CPSU after the end of the Great Patriotic War wanted to live in peace, using the benefits of higher power, not giving themselves up to work, as Stalin demanded of them.
The second reason was that Khrushchev residents needed to find someone (a “scapegoat”) to whom they could shove their own sins, their own miscalculations and crimes committed in previous years. Take, at least, Nikita Khrushchev himself, one of the main organizers of mass repressions in Moscow (1935–1 938 and after March 1949) and in Ukraine, when he was first secretary of the Central Committee of the Communist Party (Bolsheviks) of Ukraine (1938 - March 1947, December 1947 - 1949). There is documentary evidence of the broadest repression during this period of the “leadership” of Khrushchev. From Ukraine Nikita sent Stalin one after another lists of "enemies of the people", demanding their immediate execution. And Stalin answered him: “Calm down, Nikita! It is necessary to sort everything out carefully! ” Lavrenty Beria was ideally suited for the role of "scapegoat" for Khrushchevites.
That is why they shot Beria in order to crush socialism and become legitimate masters. However, we are sure: the domination of the “new masters of life” is not forever, the time will come - and the working people will knock them out of the palaces built by robbing the working people.
CC AUCPB
